Epistemology Terms
Key terms in the theory of knowledge.
The core vocabulary of the theory of knowledge: knowledge, belief, justification, skepticism, empiricism and rationalism, plus a priori and a posteriori knowledge, foundationalism, coherentism, the Gettier problem, reliabilism, fallibilism and the main theories of truth.
Use it when
- You need a precise definition of an epistemological term.
- You are following an argument about what justifies belief.
Watch out for
- Definitions are standard but contested; 'knowledge' as justified true belief is the traditional view that the Gettier problem challenged.
- Terms like 'empiricism' and 'rationalism' name tendencies and not rigid camps.
The data
17 rows
| Term | Description |
|---|---|
| Knowledge | Justified true belief or accepted understanding. |
| Belief | Mental acceptance that something is true. |
| Justification | Reasons or evidence supporting a belief. |
| Skepticism | Doubting the possibility of certain knowledge. |
| Empiricism | Knowledge originates from sensory experience. |
| Rationalism | Knowledge originates from reason. |
| A Priori Knowledge | Knowledge that can be had independently of experience, such as mathematical truths. |
| A Posteriori Knowledge | Knowledge that depends on experience or observation. |
| Foundationalism | The view that some beliefs are basic and justify all others, which rest on them. |
| Coherentism | The view that a belief is justified by fitting into a coherent web of mutually supporting beliefs. |
| Gettier Problem | Cases in which someone has a justified true belief that seems not to be knowledge, challenging the traditional definition. |
| Reliabilism | The view that a belief is justified if it is produced by a reliable cognitive process. |
| Fallibilism | The view that beliefs can be justified without being certain, and that any belief might be mistaken. |
| Correspondence Theory of Truth | A statement is true if it matches the facts. |
| Coherence Theory of Truth | A statement is true if it fits within a coherent system of beliefs. |
| Pragmatic Theory of Truth | A belief is true if it works, or would be accepted at the end of ideal inquiry. |
| Testimony | Knowledge gained from what others tell us, a source that most of what we know depends on. |
Fields
The shape of this dataset, read from the data itself: every column, its type and a real value. Agents can use this to plan a query without fetching the whole document.
| Section | Field | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| data | term | string | Knowledge |
| data | description | string | Justified true belief or accepted understanding. |
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