api: YAML JSON TOON Database
version: 1.0.0
format: json
dataset:
  slug: epistemology-terms
  title: Epistemology Terms
  description: Key terms in the theory of knowledge.
  summary: "The core vocabulary of the theory of knowledge: knowledge, belief, justification, skepticism, empiricism and rationalism, plus a priori and a posteriori knowledge, foundationalism, coherentism, the Gettier problem, reliabilism, fallibilism and the main theories of truth."
  use_when:
    - You need a precise definition of an epistemological term.
    - You are following an argument about what justifies belief.
  caveats:
    - Definitions are standard but contested; 'knowledge' as justified true belief is the traditional view that the Gettier problem challenged.
    - Terms like 'empiricism' and 'rationalism' name tendencies and not rigid camps.
  related:
    - metaphysics-concepts
    - logical-fallacies
    - major-philosophers
    - cognitive-biases
  category: Philosophy
  category_slug: philosophy
  tags: philosophy,epistemology,knowledge
  view_count: 0
  entry_count: 17
  fields:
    - section: data
      field: term
      type: string
      example: Knowledge
    - section: data
      field: description
      type: string
      example: Justified true belief or accepted understanding.
data:
  - term: Knowledge
    description: Justified true belief or accepted understanding.
  - term: Belief
    description: Mental acceptance that something is true.
  - term: Justification
    description: Reasons or evidence supporting a belief.
  - term: Skepticism
    description: Doubting the possibility of certain knowledge.
  - term: Empiricism
    description: Knowledge originates from sensory experience.
  - term: Rationalism
    description: Knowledge originates from reason.
  - term: A Priori Knowledge
    description: Knowledge that can be had independently of experience, such as mathematical truths.
  - term: A Posteriori Knowledge
    description: Knowledge that depends on experience or observation.
  - term: Foundationalism
    description: The view that some beliefs are basic and justify all others, which rest on them.
  - term: Coherentism
    description: The view that a belief is justified by fitting into a coherent web of mutually supporting beliefs.
  - term: Gettier Problem
    description: Cases in which someone has a justified true belief that seems not to be knowledge, challenging the traditional definition.
  - term: Reliabilism
    description: The view that a belief is justified if it is produced by a reliable cognitive process.
  - term: Fallibilism
    description: The view that beliefs can be justified without being certain, and that any belief might be mistaken.
  - term: Correspondence Theory of Truth
    description: A statement is true if it matches the facts.
  - term: Coherence Theory of Truth
    description: A statement is true if it fits within a coherent system of beliefs.
  - term: Pragmatic Theory of Truth
    description: A belief is true if it works, or would be accepted at the end of ideal inquiry.
  - term: Testimony
    description: Knowledge gained from what others tell us, a source that most of what we know depends on.