api: YAML JSON TOON Database
version: 1.0.0
format: json
dataset:
  slug: chemical-bond-types
  title: Chemical Bond Types
  description: Primary types of chemical bonds and interactions.
  summary: "The principal types of chemical bonding and interaction: ionic, covalent, metallic, hydrogen and van der Waals bonds, with polar and nonpolar covalent bonds, coordinate bonds, dipole-dipole, London dispersion and ion-dipole forces, each with an example."
  use_when[2]: You need to classify a bond or explain why a substance has a certain melting point or solubility.,You are comparing strong (intramolecular) and weak (intermolecular) interactions.
  caveats[2]: Bond types are idealizations; most bonds have mixed ionic and covalent character.,"Hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces are attractions between molecules, much weaker than covalent or ionic bonds."
  related[3]: organic-functional-groups,common-acids-bases,periodic-table-first-30
  category: Chemistry
  category_slug: chemistry
  tags: "chemistry,bonds,compounds"
  view_count: 0
  entry_count: 11
  fields[3]{section,field,type,example}:
    data,bond,string,Ionic
    data,description,string,Electrostatic attraction between oppositely cha…
    data,example,string,NaCl
data[11]{bond,description,example}:
  Ionic,Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.,NaCl
  Covalent,Atoms share electron pairs.,H2O
  Metallic,Electrons are delocalized among metal cations.,"Cu, Fe"
  Hydrogen,Attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.,H2O hydrogen bonds
  Van der Waals,Weak intermolecular forces from transient dipoles.,Noble gas liquids
  Polar Covalent,"Electrons are shared unequally because the atoms differ in electronegativity, giving partial charges.",HCl
  Nonpolar Covalent,Electrons are shared equally or nearly equally between atoms of similar electronegativity.,"H2, N2"
  Coordinate (Dative) Covalent,Both bonding electrons come from one atom.,NH4+ formed from NH3 and H+
  Dipole-Dipole,Attraction between the partial positive end of one polar molecule and the partial negative end of another.,Acetone molecules
  London Dispersion,Weak attraction from temporary fluctuations in electron distribution; present in all molecules.,"Noble gases, methane"
  Ion-Dipole,"Attraction between an ion and a polar molecule, important in dissolving salts.",Na+ surrounded by water molecules