Morphological Processes
Ways in which words are formed and modified.
The ways words are formed and changed: inflection, derivation, compounding, reduplication, clipping, blending and acronyms, plus conversion, back-formation, suppletion, ablaut, affixation, initialisms and eponyms.
Use it when
- You need to classify how a word was formed.
- You are teaching or analyzing word structure.
Watch out for
- Some words are formed by more than one process, and categories overlap (an initialism and an acronym differ only in pronunciation).
- Examples are drawn from English; other languages use these processes differently or not at all.
The data
14 rows
| Process | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Inflection | Changing word form to express grammatical features. | walk -> walked |
| Derivation | Creating a new word with a different meaning or category. | teach -> teacher |
| Compounding | Combining two or more words. | blackboard |
| Reduplication | Repeating all or part of a word. | goosebumps? no, bye-bye |
| Clipping | Shortening a word without changing meaning. | advertisement -> ad |
| Blending | Combining parts of two words. | breakfast + lunch -> brunch |
| Acronym | Forming a word from initial letters. | NASA |
| Conversion | Changing a word's category without changing its form (zero derivation). | to google (noun to verb) |
| Back-Formation | Creating a new word by removing a supposed affix from an existing one. | edit from editor |
| Suppletion | Using unrelated forms for related grammatical forms. | go -> went |
| Ablaut (Internal Change) | Changing a vowel inside a word to mark a grammatical difference. | sing -> sang -> sung |
| Affixation | Adding a prefix or suffix to a base. | re- + write, kind + -ness |
| Initialism | A word formed from initial letters pronounced one by one. | FBI |
| Eponym | A word derived from a person's or place's name. | sandwich, from the Earl of Sandwich |
Fields
The shape of this dataset, read from the data itself: every column, its type and a real value. Agents can use this to plan a query without fetching the whole document.
| Section | Field | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| data | process | string | Inflection |
| data | description | string | Changing word form to express grammatical featu… |
| data | example | string | walk -> walked |
Fetch the same bytes
The static files contain the same reference rows as the API, with no API rate limit. Live metadata, such as view counts, may differ. Use the API for content negotiation; use the static files for a cacheable snapshot.
curl "https://yjtoon.yunusemrevurgun.com/api/dataset/morphological-processes?format=toon"
const res = await fetch( "https://yjtoon.yunusemrevurgun.com/static-data/dataset/morphological-processes.toon" ); const toon = await res.text();
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