api: YAML JSON TOON Database
version: 1.0.0
format: yaml
dataset:
  id: 2913
  slug: thermodynamics-laws
  title: Laws of Thermodynamics
  description: The four laws of thermodynamics.
  summary: "The four laws of thermodynamics: the zeroth law on thermal equilibrium, the first law on energy conservation, the second law on entropy and the third law on absolute zero. Extra rows state the second law in its Clausius, Kelvin-Planck and entropy forms."
  use_when:
    - You need the standard statement of each thermodynamic law.
    - You are connecting a heat-engine or refrigerator problem to the right form of the second law.
  caveats:
    - Thermodynamic laws describe macroscopic systems statistically; the second law is not violated by rare fluctuations in tiny systems because it concerns averages.
    - Entropy statements apply to isolated systems; a part of a system can decrease in entropy if it exports entropy elsewhere.
  related:
    - classical-mechanics
    - waves-and-sound
    - ph-scale-indicators
  entry_count: 7
  fields:
    - section: data
      field: law
      type: string
      example: Zeroth Law
    - section: data
      field: description
      type: string
      example: If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium …
  category: Physics
  category_slug: physics
  tags: physics,thermodynamics,laws
  view_count: 47
  created_at: 1793403093
  updated_at: 1793403093
data:
  - law: Zeroth Law
    description: If two systems are each in thermal equilibrium with a third, they are in equilibrium with each other.
  - law: First Law
    description: Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed.
  - law: Second Law
    description: Entropy of an isolated system tends to increase over time.
  - law: Third Law
    description: As temperature approaches absolute zero, entropy approaches a constant minimum.
  - law: Second Law (Clausius statement)
    description: Heat does not flow spontaneously from a colder body to a hotter body without work being done.
  - law: Second Law (Kelvin-Planck statement)
    description: No cyclic process can convert heat from a single reservoir entirely into work.
  - law: Second Law (entropy statement)
    description: The total entropy of an isolated system never decreases over time.