api: YAML JSON TOON Database
version: 1.0.0
format: yaml
dataset:
  id: 2828
  slug: intellectual-property-types
  title: Intellectual Property Types
  description: Categories of intellectual property protection.
  summary: "The main forms of intellectual property with what each protects and its typical duration: patents, copyright, trademarks, trade secrets and industrial designs, plus geographical indications, plant variety rights, utility models and trade dress."
  use_when:
    - You need to tell which kind of IP right protects an invention, a work, a brand or a design.
    - You are checking typical terms of protection.
  caveats:
    - Terms and requirements differ by country; the term column gives common values and not the law of any one place.
    - Registration is required for some rights (patents, registered designs) but not others (copyright arises automatically in most countries).
  related:
    - contract-formation-elements
    - legal-systems-common-vs-civil
    - market-structures
  entry_count: 9
  fields:
    - section: data
      field: type
      type: string
      example: Patent
    - section: data
      field: description
      type: string
      example: Exclusive right to an invention for a limited p…
    - section: data
      field: term
      type: string
      example: Usually 20 years
  category: Law
  category_slug: law
  tags: law,ip,property
  view_count: 46
  created_at: 1793403093
  updated_at: 1793403093
data:
  - type: Patent
    description: Exclusive right to an invention for a limited period.
    term: Usually 20 years
  - type: Copyright
    description: Protection for original works of authorship.
    term: Author's life plus 70 years in many jurisdictions
  - type: Trademark
    description: Protection for signs distinguishing goods or services.
    term: Renewable indefinitely
  - type: Trade Secret
    description: Protection for confidential business information.
    term: As long as secrecy is maintained
  - type: Industrial Design
    description: Protection for the ornamental design of an article.
    term: Usually up to 15-25 years
  - type: Geographical Indication
    description: Protects the name of a product whose quality or reputation comes from its place of origin, such as Champagne.
    term: As long as the link to the place and the quality persist
  - type: Plant Variety Protection
    description: Breeders' rights over new, distinct and stable plant varieties.
    term: Typically 20 years, 25 for trees and vines (UPOV)
  - type: Utility Model
    description: A lighter, shorter-lived patent-like right for incremental inventions, available in some countries.
    term: Typically 7 to 15 years depending on the country
  - type: Trade Dress
    description: Protects the overall visual appearance of a product or its packaging that identifies its source.
    term: As long as it is used and remains distinctive